The Impact of Social Media on Social Cohesion in Sudan A Descriptive and Analytical Study Using the Social Cohesion Radar From (April 2023 – July 2025)

Abstract

Social cohesion is a fundamental pillar for societal stability, especially in contexts
marked by conflict and strife. This study aims to examine the impact of social media on
social cohesion in Sudan during the period from April 2023 to July 2025, amidst
escalating armed conflicts and weakening state institutions, and their effects on the social
fabric.
The study employs a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing the Social Cohesion
Radar as a framework to measure indicators of trust, belonging, solidarity, and social
participation. Data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire administered to a
sample of social media users inside and outside Sudan, alongside a review of relevant
literature and studies.
Findings reveal a dual role for social media: on one hand, it enhances digital solidarity
and support exchange during crises; on the other hand, it contributes to deepening social
divisions, increasing hate speech, and eroding trust among individuals and institutions. A
decline in national belonging was observed in favor of regional and ethnic affiliations,
alongside limited civic participation on digital platforms, which often remains emotional
and non-institutional.
The study recommends developing educational and regulatory strategies aimed at
mitigating the negative impact of digital discourse and promoting the responsible use of
social media as a tool for strengthening social cohesion. Moreover, it suggests adopting
the Social Cohesion Radar as a national instrument for analyzing societal changes, to be
utilized by policymakers, researchers, and civil society organizations.
Keywords: Impact - Social Media - Social Cohesion - Social Cohesion Radar